As the most common liver disease in the world, Hepatitis B is a life-threatening liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus, or HBV. It can cause chronic infection and put people at a high risk of death from cirrhosis (scarring of the liver) and liver cancer. In 2015, 257 million people were living with a chronic form of hepatitis B, and almost 900,000 people died from it. In this video, you’ll learn a bit about the background of hepatitis B, its symptoms, transmission, molecular mechanism, prevention, and treatment!
This video was made by McMaster University Demystifying Medicine students Julie Cho, Saad Ahmed, Vivek Parmar, Anisa Rana, Barjot Gill.
Copyright McMaster University 2021.
References:
Boni, C., Fisicaro, P., Valdatta, C., Amadei, B., Vincenzo, P. D., Giuberti, T., . . . Ferrari, C. (2007). Characterization of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)-Specific T-Cell Dysfunction in Chronic HBV Infection. Journal of Virology, 81(8), 4215-4225. doi:10.1128/jvi.02844-06
Hepatitis B Foundation. (2020). What is Hepatitis B. https://www.hepb.org/what-is-hepatitis-b/what-is-hepb/
Janeway C. et al. Immunobiology: The Immune System in Health and
Disease. 5th edition. New York: Garland Science; 2001. T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK27101/
Lumley SF, McNaughton AL, Klenerman P, Lythgoe KA and Matthews PC (2018) Hepatitis B Virus Adaptation to the CD8+ T Cell Response: Consequences for Host and Pathogen. Front. Immunol. 9:1561. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01561
Oh, I., & Park, S. (2015). Immune-mediated Liver Injury in Hepatitis B Virus Infection. Immune Network, 15(4), 191. doi: 10.4110/in.2015.15.4.191
Schuch, A., Hoh, A., & Thimme, R. (2014). The role of natural killer cells and CD8+ T cells in hepatitis B virus infection. Frontiers in immunology, 5, 258. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00258
Seeger, C., & Mason, W. S. (2015). Molecular Biology of Hepatitis B Virus Infection. Virology, 0, 672–686. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2015.02.031
WHO. (2020). Hepatitis B. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-b
Ye, B. et al. (2015). T-cell exhaustion in chronic hepatitis B infection: current knowledge and clinical significance. Cell Death & Disease, 6(3), e1694-e1694. doi: 10.1038/cddis.2015.42 Video Rating: / 5
What is the hepatitis virus? Well, the hepatitis virus invades liver cells and causes inflammation in the liver tissue. There are five known hepatitis viruses—hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hepatitis D, and hepatitis E, all of which have slightly different presentations, symptoms and severity. Find more videos at http://osms.it/more.
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Genetic mutations aren’t as scary as they sound. With RNA viruses, like the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that causes COVID-19, they’re happening constantly — basically every time it replicates. But not all mutations stick, and not all the ones that stick are bad. In fact, mutations are actually necessary for tracking and containing COVID-19. Here’s how viruses mutate and why you shouldn’t be worried when you hear about them.
MORE CORONAVIRUS COVERAGE:
What Could Be The Fastest Way To End The Coronavirus Crisis?
Will Warm Weather Stop COVID-19?
Why COVID-19 Death Predictions Will Always Be Wrong
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#Coronavirus #Mutation #ScienceInsider
Science Insider tells you all you need to know about science: space, medicine, biotech, physiology, and more.
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How Viruses Like The Coronavirus Mutate
This video describes the #immunesystem and explains how it detects and attacks any foreign organism that enters the body.
The immune system has two parts, innate and adaptive. The innate is the first to detect when an organism does not belong to a body and directs the adaptive to tackle the intruder.
The current protocol to control the immune system during a #transplant is immunosuppressant drugs, these drugs paralyse the immune system and prevent it from attacking the kidney but leave the body vulnerable to infection
We learn how the team in the MRC Centre for Transplantation at King’s College London have developed a way to harness the power of the Immune System after a transplant, whilst maintaining the body’s capacity to resist #infectiousdiseases.
Kidney Perfusion | New Drug to Protect Kidneys From Immune System During Transplant
▶️ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ix378XOomSo
Cutting Edge Biomedical Imaging | MRI Scan of a Person’s Brain
▶️ https://www.youtube.com/shorts/0LupvsT87Ec
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The Medical Research Council (MRC) improves the health of people in the UK – and around the world – by supporting excellent science, and training the very best scientists.
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In this animation, the differences between bacteria and viruses are explained. How does a bacterium or virus enter the body? And what are typical complaints of a viral or bacterial infection? Finally, the different treatments for bacterial and viral infections are mentioned.
Health TV makes complex medical information easy to understand. With 2D and 3D animations checked by medical doctors, we give information on certain diseases: what is it, wat are the causes and how is it treated? Subscribe to our Youtube channel and learn more about your health!
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A computer virus is a type of computer program that, when executed, replicates itself by modifying other computer programs and inserting its own code. When this replication succeeds, the affected areas are then said to be “infected” with a computer virus.
The term “virus” is also misused by extension to refer to other types of malware. “Malware” encompasses computer viruses along with many other forms of malicious software, such as computer “worms”, ransomware, spyware, adware, trojan horses, keyloggers, rootkits, bootkits, malicious Browser Helper Object (BHOs), and other malicious software. The majority of active malware threats are trojan horse programs or computer worms rather than computer viruses.
Computer viruses cause billions of dollars’ worth of economic damage each year.
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What Is A Computer Virus? | Computer Virus Explained | Types of Computer Virus | Cybersecurity | Computer Security | Protect Yourself From Hackers | Malware | Antivirus | Cybersecurity | Computer Science | Best Kids Show | Science For Kids | Science Videos For Kids | Video For Kids | Dr Binocs Show | Peekaboo Kidz
Hey kids, in this video, Dr Binocs will explain What Is A Computer Virus? | The Dr Binocs Show | Peekaboo Kidz
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Finished 50s of arrangement last night and I left the rest for Jasper Hu to finish. Struggled a bit at the beginning because I’ve tried to keep the piano ostinato as long as possible. Made a super difficult arrangement at the beginning section firstly but at the end I gave up and changed to something easier (by stopping the piano ostinato half way)
The other challenging part is to keep the piano flowing ostinato while playing the main melody in octave (because I do think it needs to be octave when reaching the chorus). After trying a few times, I somehow were able to make those jump in semiquavers. 2nd time, I used a lower octave for the solo violin melody and made the “response” melody octave higher instead followed by the bridge.
Jasper mainly take charges from the bridge til the end. He mainly use three hands technique (called by Animenz) to keep melody, piano arpeggios and the bass/beat between two hands. I only did minor change.
(The difficulty is only rated according to my OWN arrangements so people can know it before they tried to learn it. I set my hardest arrangements as 5/5 and the easist as 1/5. It doesn’t represent the difficulty of average piano arrangements on Youtube.)
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A video of a doctor from Maharashtra’s Kolhapur has gone viral in which he can be seen saving a patient from a sudden cardiac arrest.
#doctor #heart #heartattack
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Spring has sprung – and orthopedic surgeon and sports health expert Dr. Kristopher Ware talks about preventing sports-related injuries. Video Rating: / 5
#HowtoStopMalware #ComputerVirus
I have explained from how many ways malware and viruses can enter into your system. there are multiple ways a malware can infect your PC or Mac. If you want to avoid malware infections and protect your PC from viruses then your should have knowledge of how a virus can penetrate into computer systems. you should follow these instruction to protect your system from being infected.
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Playlist: Internet Security and Safety:
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chapters:
0:00 Cost of Viruses and Malware
0:42 What is Malware
1:02 Symptoms of an Infected System
1:32 Email Attachments and Links
2:16 Malicious Downloads
3:00 Removable Media
3:20 USB Drop Attack
3:45 Key Generators
4:05 Potentially Unwanted Software
4:20 Browser Extensions
4:55 Outdated Software
